Page 51 - Book of Abstracts

5 International Scientific Online Conference DOI: https://doi.org/10.15414/2021.9788055224015

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HUMULUS LUPULUS L. SEED REPRODUCTION OF PLANTS IN TRANSCARPATHIA
Iryna Feketa

Uzhhorod National University, Uzgorod, Ukraine; E-mail.: irynabiogeo@gmail.com
Global climate change on the planet is forcing scientists to pay attention to high-quality
and competitive plant varieties.
Humulus lupulus L. is used in the food, medical and pharmaceutical industries. Humulus
lupulus is important for the development of the hop industry in Ukraine.
It is important to study the features of seed propagation of Humulus lupulus in
Transcarpathia. Although it is propagated vegetatively in the production of Humulus lupulus,
the study of this issue is of great importance for selective work and for understanding the
relationships between plants in natural communities. Humulus lupulus is a dioecious plant, for
pollination, it is necessary to take into account the relative position of plants of both sexes and
the distance between them.
Humulus lupulus is a common perennial herbaceous vine with a fleshy rhizome. Plants
have aboveground and underground parts, only the underground part is perennial. The
terrestrial part consists of annual shoots that grow annually from buds, which during the
growing season go through a full cycle of development, and die in winter. The stem curls to the
right, seated with small spines, the leaves are long petiolate, opposite, with two stipules. Male
flowers are collected in panicles and placed in the axils of the leaves. Females are covered with
a wrapper and form inflorescences similar to cones. The most valuable part of hops is cones due
to the presence of a complex of specific resins, polyphenolic compounds, essential oils, and
biologically active substances that have not only flavor and aroma, but also antibiotic,
antioxidant, and medicinal properties.
To characterize seed productivity, the following indicators were taken: potential seed
productivity (PNP), which is defined as the number of seed germs per individual or generative
shoot; and actual seed productivity (TNP) is the number of ripe undamaged seeds. Studies were
conducted on plants in Transcarpathia. It was found that individuals have a lower TNF than
PNP. This is due to the fact that plants during budding, flowering, and maturation of the plant
are affected by weather conditions, insect pests, and various diseases.
Another important characteristic of seed propagation is seed germination. There is a low
ability to germinate seeds in the first year of harvest. In the second year, seed germination is
better, especially in stratified. The weak germination of non-stratified seeds is due to the fact
that it is covered with a hard shell, which is impregnated with resinous substances. This
prevents water from entering the seeds and delays their germination. After stratification, the
seed coat collapses and germination conditions improve.
Humulus lupulus has high additional productivity, but the seeds are characterized by low
germination, so when sowing it is necessary to carry out additional stratification.

Keywords: Humulus lupulus, seeds, reproduction, productivity, stratification.

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