Page 141 - Book of Abstracts

5 International Scientific Online Conference DOI: https://doi.org/10.15414/2021.9788055224015

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ANTAGONISTIC ACTIVITY OF TRIСHODERMA VIRIDE 017 TO
PATHOGENS OF ROOT ROT
Hanna Tsekhmіster, Evgeniy Kopilov, Olena Nadkernychna, Anna Kyslynska
Institute of Agricultural Microbiology and Agro-industrial Manufacture, National Academy of Agrarian
Sciences of Ukraine (NAAS), Chernihiv, Ukraine; E-mail.: anna.tceh@gmail.com
In recent decades cases of a new Cucurbitaceae plants disease, which is called
"acremonium collapse" and is caused by Acremonium cucurbitacearum (syn. Plectosphaerella
melonis) fungus, have been registered in many countries around the world. We search for the
active microorganism-antagonist of this fungus and was established that the strain of
Trichoderma sp. 017 fungus was characterized by the fastest growing and manifested
hyperparasitism on the 5th day of cultivation of the former. Microorganisms with rapid growth
and the ability of hyperparasitism colonize the substrate quicker and compete with the
pathogenic microflora actively, therefore, Triсhoderma sp. 017 fungus was selected for further
research. A study of morphological and culture features allowed us to refer Triсhoderma sp. 017
to T. viride 017 species.
It is shown that T. viride 017 strain has high antagonistic activity in respect of many
pathogens of root diseases in plants (A. cucurbitacearum 502, A. strictum, Thielaviopsis basicola,
F. moniliforme var. lactis and Fusarium oxysporum var. orthoceras, Rhizoctonia violacea, F.
oxysporum and F. solani). Because the antagonism of the microorganism in vitro does not always
correlate with its antagonism in vivo, the antagonistic activity of T. viride 017 was also studied
in field experiments.
The obtained results showed that mycocenosis observed in the root zone of cucumber
seedlings planted in sod-podzolic soils was formed by the micromycetes of the Acremonium
Link, Alternaria Nees, Aspergillus Micheli, Cladosporium Corda, Fusarium Link: Fr, Gliocladium
Corda, Mortierella Coem, Mucor Mich, Penicillium Link: Fr, Rhizopus Ehrenb, Trichoderma Hers
genera, and the Dematiaceae family. The introduction of A. cucurbitacearum 502 plant pathogen
into the soil to create an artificial infectious background (AIB) led to a decrease in the 10 total
amount of fungi in the rhizosphere and rhizoplane more than 4 and 2.5 times respectively. Also,
the proportion of Penicillium genus fungi decreased substantially, which can be considered a
negative trend. The share of Acremonium genus fungi in rhizosphere and rhizoplane was
negligible (3.1 and 9.7 % respectively) while in histosphere it made 73.2 %, which is indicative
of the fungus migration to the roots of plants. A pre-sowing treatment of seeds with T. viride
017 fungus had a positive effect on the process of mycocenisis formation in cucumber plants.
The number of fungi in the rhizosphere and rhizoplane increased two times compared with the
variant where the chemical fungicide was applied. A pre-sowing treatment of seed with
trichoderma led to a decrease in the number of Acremonium genera fungi on the root surface
down to 2.0 %, they were most likely suppressed by Trichoderma fungi. It is shown that T. viride
017 strain succeeded in the root zone of cucumber plants successfully, thus the percentage of
Trichoderma genus fungi on the root surface was 10.9 %, in histosphere – 17.4 % which
indicated during the active development of trichoderma both on the root surface and inside the
roots of cucumber plants.
Keywords: Acremonium cucurbitacearum, Trichoderma viride, cucumber, antagonism.

Acknowledgments
The authors express their gratitude to PhD Stanislav Nadkernichny for help in identifying fungi and to
all employees of the Institute's Laboratory of Plant-Microbial Interactions.

5 International Scientific Conference Agrobiodiversity for Improving the Nutrition, Health, Quality of Life and |140
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Spiritual Human Development
November 3 2021
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