Page 142 - Book of Abstracts

5 International Scientific Online Conference DOI: https://doi.org/10.15414/2021.9788055224015

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INFLUENCE OF VARIETY ON TOTAL POLYPHENOLS CONTENT AND ANTIOXIDANT
ACTIVITY IN APPLE FRUITS (MALUS DOMESTICA BORKH.)
1
3
Veronika Valková , Hana Ďúranová , Eva Ivanišová , Alexandra Kravárová ,
1,2
4
Dagmar Hillová , Lucia Gabríny
4
1
1 AgroBioTech Research Centre, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Slovakia;
E-mail.: veronika.valkova@uniag.sk
2 Faculty of Horticulture and Landscape Engineering, Department of Fruit Sciences, Viticulture
and Enology, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Slovakia
3 Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Department of Technology and Quality of Plant
Products, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Slovakia
4 Botanic Garden, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Slovakia
Recently, an increasing interest in fruit and vegetable eating has been noticed in particular
through epidemiological and biochemical studies pointing to their health benefits for human
health. Specifically, apples (Malus domestica Borkh.) are one of the most frequently consumed
fruits. Moreover, their consumption has a positive effect on the protection of several human
degenerative diseases, mainly because of their antioxidants that prevent free-radical damage.
From them, phenolic compounds are responsible for most of the fruit's antioxidant activity. In
addition, phenolics (and particularly flavanols) constitute one of the groups of compounds
determining the quality of apples. Therefore, the present study aimed to compare the total
polyphenols content (TPC) and antioxidant activity (AA) of apple fruits from columnar apple
trees growing in experimental conditions. For this purpose, fruits of a total of 7 apple varieties
obtained from the Botanic Garden (Slovak University of Agriculture, Slovakia; vegetative season
2019/2020) were analyzed. Among them, four green-yellow varieties: Mar Golden Spur
Delicious, Granny Smith, Goldcats, Rondo; one green variety with red spots: Kordona; one red
variety: Redcats, and one pink variety: Pompink were employed. Method using the Folin-
Ciocalteu reagent was applied to quantify TPC, and radical scavenging activity of samples was
measured with 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). The extracts of the dried powdered
samples were performed using 80 % ethanol. Data from all analyses, carried out in triplicates,
were statistically evaluated using Prism 8.0.1 (GraphPad Software, San Diego, California, USA).
Our results showed that TPC (mg GAE/ g dry weight) ranged from 2.92 ±0.31 (Pompink) to 9.02
±0.32 (Granny Smith). Statistically significant differences (P < 0.05) were recorded between all
analyzed varieties, except for Rondo (5.07 ±0.44) and Kordona (4.18 ±0.35) as compared to
Redcats (4.96 ±1.06). Taking into account the color of individual apple varieties, it can be
evident that the highest content of TPC (on average) was shown in yellow-green varieties (7.13
±1.66), and the lowest values for the parameter were detected in the pink one. Similar to TPC,
the lowest values for AA (%) were recorded in the Pompink variety (35.03 ±3.49 %) and,
conversely, the highest values in the Granny Smith (88.55 ±4.25 %). On average, the strongest
AA was determined in the red variety (84.38 ±1.31 %) and, conversely, the lowest one in the
pink variety (35.03 ±3.49 %).
The current study suggests that the values for TPC and AA in apple fruits investigated are
significantly influenced in a variety-dependent manner. Upon achievement of this survey, and
using more samples, it will be possible to create an overview of the antioxidant properties of
diverse apple varieties with the possibility of their application in the food industry in the
development of innovative products.

Keywords: Malus domestica, variety, DPPH assay, polyphenols.
Acknowledgments
This publication was supported by the Operational Program Integrated Infrastructure within the
project: Demand-driven research for the sustainable and innovative food, Drive4SIFood 313011V336,
co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund.

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Spiritual Human Development
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