Page 127 - Book of Abstracts

5 International Scientific Online Conference DOI: https://doi.org/10.15414/2021.9788055224015

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ECOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF WINTER WHEAT GROWING TECHNOLOGIES IN THE
CENTRAL FOREST-STEPPE OF UKRAINE
Yeuheniia Tkach, Tetiana Pylypchuk, Oksana Lobova, Alyona Bunas, Viktoriya Starodub
Institute of Agroecology and Environmental Management of National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of
Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine; E-mail.: bio_eco@ukr.net
Today, more than 25 % of Ukraine's agricultural land is contaminated with pesticides,
radionuclides, and inorganic toxicants. There is also a loss of soil fertility in more than 50 % of
the territory. In most cases, this situation leads to a shortage of yields of major crops to 50–60
%, while deteriorating product quality.
Many Ukrainian scientists have studied and solved the issue of environmental
assessment, in particular, N.A. Makarenko, E.G. Degodyuk, A.I. Fateev, V.I. Kisil, etc.
For research, we selected the following areas in the regions of Kyiv (village Makariv),
Kirovohrad (village Danylova Balka), Cherkasy (village Sobkivka), Vinnytsia
(village Tsybulivka), Odesa (village Bobryk Druhyi).
Ecological assessment of winter wheat growing technologies was carried out in the farms
of the studied areas. The sown area of plots was – from 10 to 50 hectares, accounting for 10 m
2
in 5 repetitions.
To conduct an ecological assessment of winter wheat cultivation technologies, the
following indicators were studied: soil fertility. Ecological assessment of soil fertility shows,
however, that the studied technologies for growing winter wheat in the studied areas using
fertilizers and plant protection products are generally satisfactory, and the proposed
technological methods of crops growing need improvement; phytosanitary condition: crops of
winter wheat in the ecological assessment of technologies on phytosanitary indicators had an
unsatisfactory (1 point) and satisfactory (2 points) condition. In all studied wheat agrocenoses,
the economical threshold of weed (ETW), pest, and disease harmfulness exceeded the norm.
The overall score was satisfactory (1.7 points) in farms of the Cherkasy region, and
unsatisfactory in other researched farms (0.7–1.3 points).
The quality and safety of crop products took into account biometric indicators and yield
indicators.
Indicators of productivity and quality of winter wheat as a result of research have the
second class – satisfactory. At the same time, in almost all studied farms the yield is normal (2-
3 points), the yield varies from 30 to 42.1 c/ha. At the same time, quality
indicators – protein and gluten content correspond to unsatisfactory and satisfactory
conditions.
Thus, the ecological assessment of technologies for growing winter wheat on a set of
indicators makes it possible to objectively assess individual technological processes, identify
imperfect technological operations and develop measures to improve them. This guarantees
the introduction into production of only those cultivation technologies that will ensure the
production of a high-quality grain of winter wheat following international requirements and
standards.

Keywords: ecological assessment, phytosanitary condition, winter wheat, ETW.

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5 International Scientific Conference Agrobiodiversity for Improving the Nutrition, Health, Quality of Life and |126
Spiritual Human Development
November 3 2021
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