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5 International Scientific Online Conference DOI: https://doi.org/10.15414/2021.9788055224015

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STUDY OF THE MAIN PHYSIOLOGICAL INDICATORS OF PRODUCTIVITY FORMATION IN
THE STUDIED GENOTYPES OF DURUM AND BREAD WHEAT
Tamraz Tamrazov
Department of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Research Institute of Crop Husbandry, Baku,
Azerbaijan; E-mail.: tamraz.tamrazov@mail.ru
Drought stress during the grain filling period has recently become more common in
Azerbaijan, where grows wheat (Triticum aestivum L., Triticum durum Desf.). The study of the
effects of drought resistance on fertility measurements and the effect of fertility indicators on
typical wheat investigated based on different soil and climatic conditions.
In the 2020–2021 research year, 12 different wheat genotypes were measured in the
Absheron Experimental Base of the Institute in three groups (early, medium and late maturing).
As a result, two genotypes from each group were compared, including durum and bread wheat.
The net photosynthesis rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), transpiration rate per leaf
area (E), leaf temperature (Tl) and intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) were measured using a
portable photosynthesis system LI-6400 (LI-COR, USA) on the flag leaves on midday (09:00–
12:00) at after anthesis. Photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) of 1,200–1,600 µmol
(photon) m-2 s-1 was provided at each measurement by the ambient CO2 concentration of 380–
400 ppm and full sunlight. Photosynthetic water uses efficiency (PWUE) was calculated by
dividing Pn to gs.
From the early maturity Garagylchyg-2 durum wheat genotype, both in the two versions,
separately on the 8th and 7th layer leaves, (Pn) – 13.6, 15.8/8.9–11.4 (mmol CO2 m-2s-1 ), CO2g
322; 381/355; 377 (mmol CO2 moll/2) and finally E-value 5.9; 6.1/4.5; 3.3 (mol H2O m-2s-1 ),
bread wheat genotypes of Nurlu-99 type Pn – 14.4; 11.9/11.1; 10.8 (mmol CO2 m-2s-1 ), CO2 g –
358; 358/361; 377 mmol of CO2 moll/2 and finally E – 5.1; 6.4/4.1; 5.2 (mol H2O m-2s-1 ). At the
flowering phase Pn – 20.2; 19.8/19.9; 18.2 (mmol CO2 m-2s-1 ), E – 8.7; 8.1/7.2; 6.3 (mol H2O m-2s-
1 ), compared to the previous measurements, the difference between the variants was
significantly lower compared to those observed in the third measure.
From the mid matures durum wheat Vugar, both in the two versions, separately on the
8th and 7th leaves, Pn – 25 %; 32.7 %, bread wheat genotypes of Azamatly-95, durum wheat
genotype Vugar CO2 g 4.2; 3.8 %, bread wheat Azamatly-95, 10.2; 11.5 % and finally E-value 4.2;
3.8/5.1; 1.3 %.
From the late mature wheat genotypes the difference in the rate of photosynthesis
according to the results of measurements in the genotype durum wheat Terter and bread wheat
Girmizy gul-1 the bread wheat of the characteristic wheat was 9.8; 7.4/6.1 %, 4.9 %, CO2 content
in cells; 5.6 %; 6.6/4.2 %; 2.1 %, the difference between the speed of transpiration 25.3 and
22.8 and 22.6; 18.4–23.3 and 21.8 %, respectively.
During the study, we analysed changes in gas metabolism and some physiological features
of different wheat genotypes responding to drought stress. Such research will provide valuable
information that can be used as a genetic basis for wheat production to increase productivity
and productivity from stress. This is because the fast-growing genotypes complement their
development before the severe drought, which causes little difference between the options.
On the other hand, the differences between the variants in late-grown samples coincide
with the prolongation of maturation and the occurrence of acute drought. This also leads to loss
of product. It is important to pay attention to the reproduction of such genotypes as parent
species in the creation of new breeding varieties in the future.

Keywords: wheat genotypes, drought resistance, drought stress, wheat productivity, fertility
indicators.

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