Page 22 - Book of Abstracts

5 International Scientific Online Conference DOI: https://doi.org/10.15414/2021.9788055224015

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HISTORY OF STUDY, DISTRIBUTION, AND USE SPECIES OF THE GENUS JUGLANS L.
Oleksandra Aboimova, Volodymyr Levon

M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Kyiv, Ukraine; E-mail.: aboimovaaleksandra@gmail.com

The introduction of nut plants in Ukraine began with Juglans regia L., which is one of the
oldest fruit plants. It has been grown here since the times of Kievan Rus. J. regia f. fertillis L. f.
fertillis Petzet Kirch. introduced to Ukraine in the 50s of the last century from Uzbekistan. J.
nigra has more than two centuries of cultivation history. It was first introduced into the planting
of the Krasnokutsky Arboretum in 1809, from where it spread by seeds throughout Ukraine and
far beyond its borders. J. microcarpa Berland. and J. major Torr., introduced to Ukraine in the
30s of the last century from the Nikitsky Botanical Garden. East Asian species of the genus
Juglans (J. ailanthifolia Carr., J. mandshurica Maxim. and the variety J. ailanthifolia var.
cordiformis Maх.) were introduced to Ukraine with the beginning of the development of
introduction studies in botanical gardens at the end of the 19th century. J. regia and J. regia f.
fertillis are cultivated in more than 60 countries around the world, mainly the United States,
Asian and European countries, including Ukraine. The modern centers of cultivation and
distribution of J. nigra are the USA, Europe, Russia, Ukraine, Central Asia, Transcaucasia.
J. cinerea is cultivated in the USA, Europe, Russia, and Ukraine. Plants of J. microcarpa and
J. major are common in the USA and in European and Asian countries they have been cultivated
since the second half of the XIX century, as ornamental trees with an original crown. East Asian
species of the genus Juglans (J. mandshurica, J. ailanthifolia, J. ailanthifolia var. cordiformis) is
used in the food industry, medicine, and landscaping.
Different parts of Juglans plants such as leaves, bark, fruits, and roots are used in medicine,
pharmacology, and the food industry. Raw materials of Juglans species contain various chemical
components, including juglone, diarylheptanoids, quinones, polyphenols, flavones, and
terpenes.
J. regia is one of the oldest fruit plants in Ukraine. The nutritional value of the fruits,
favorable natural conditions, ease of tree care, and increased demand for them contributed to
the spread of the J. regia culture first in the Western and South-Western regions of the country
(XII-XIX centuries), and later – in the Central and South-Eastern (XX century). In Ukraine and
the world, J. regia cultivars are in great demand, their number is constantly increasing.
However, J. regia began to acquire industrial significance in Ukraine only from the 19th century.
Now Ukraine ranks first among European countries in the production of J. regia fruits, for the
period 1992–2018. Although the high demand and export potential for J. regia fruits contribute
to the development of varietal culture and new commercial plantings, the mass reproduction of
new cultivars and their laying of industrial plantations in areas where these varieties have not
been previously tested sometimes leads to the freezing of plantings, and their owners often
experience significant material damage due to ignorance. The cultivars J. nigra, J. cinerea, J.
ailantifolia var. cordiformis are in great demand in the world.
Thus, the species of the genus Juglans can be widely used in medicine and the food
industry in Ukraine. Also, many-years investigations with different species and genotypes of
these plants showed that Ukrainian conditions are good for deep selective work for further use
in different branches of agriculture.
Keywords: Juglans, fruit crops, industrial plantations, ornamental trees.

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5 International Scientific Conference Agrobiodiversity for Improving the Nutrition, Health, Quality of Life and |21
Spiritual Human Development
November 3 2021
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