Page 119 - Book of Abstracts

5 International Scientific Online Conference DOI: https://doi.org/10.15414/2021.9788055224015

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BIOTECHNOLOGY METHOD OF OBTAINING BIOMASS OF MEDICINAL PLANTS FOR
MEDICAL AND COSMETIC PURPOSES IN UKRAINE
Sofia Suberliak, Yustyna Tepla, Olena Fedorova, Viktoriia Havryliak,
Volodymyr Skorochoda, Romana Petrina
Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, Ukraine; E-mail.: romanna.o.petrina@lpnu.ua

Medicinal plants biomass and its extracts are used in the creation of pharmaceuticals,
cosmetics, and hygiene products. The 15,000 plant species from about 70,000, are rare,
according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature, IUCN. Much attention is now
paid to the protection of biodiversity, as this is one of the goals of The European green deal,
presented in Brussels in 2019. As plants play an important role in ecosystems, so their
unrestricted use leads to the destruction of populations and individual plant species. One of the
goals of the Sustainable Development Goals, approved by the UN General Assembly in 2015, is to
stop the loss of biodiversity and to ensure the protection and prevention from extinction the
endangered species. Also on the initiative of the UN General Assembly, 2020, the International
Year of Plant Health was declared. Therefore, obtaining plant biomass by alternative methods
is an extremely relevant topic today in Ukraine.
Among the innovative biotechnological approaches for plant biodiversity protection, such
as tissue culture method, microclonal propagation, synthetic seed technology, use of
molecular markers, etc., it is proposed to use plant biomass obtained in vitro on the example
of the Asteraceae family plants – Arnica montana, Carlina acaulis, Carlina alpinus, Calendula
officinalis. Some of these plants are cultivated in botanical gardens, research stations,
arboretums. Some plant species are protected internationally and are listed in the European
Red List.
Plant seeds were germinated in vitro in Murasige-Skuga (MS) medium without growth
regulators. 30% hydrogen peroxide and 70 % ethanol were used for sterilization. The obtained
explants were placed into the MS environment with growth regulators and cultivated under
optimal conditions (temperature, lighting, explant type). As growth regulators β-indolyl acetic
acid, α-naphthylacetic acid, and kinetin were used. The methodology of biotechnological
research is based on the generally accepted classical methods of the culture of isolated cells,
tissues, and organs of plant research.
A study of the influence of nutrient composition, lighting, and explant type on callus
biomass growth was performed. Optimal in vitro cultivation conditions for all plants were
selected and biomass was obtained. The content of some biologically active compounds in
callus biomass, namely, flavonoids and phenolic compounds, were also studied. The
qualitative and quantitative reactions results indicate the presence of these substances, in
some cases even in greater quantities than in the original plant.
Thus, the proposed method of in vitro tissue culture can be used as an alternative to the
traditional plant growth in nature to preserve the biodiversity of rare and endangered
medicinal plants of the Ukrainian Carpathian region, as well as to obtain valuable plant biomass
with biologically active substances.

Keywords: callus biomass, biotechnology method, Arnica montana, Carlina acaulis, Aster alpinus,
Calendula officinalis.

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5 International Scientific Conference Agrobiodiversity for Improving the Nutrition, Health, Quality of Life and |118
Spiritual Human Development
November 3 2021
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