Page 96 - Book of Abstracts

5 International Scientific Online Conference DOI: https://doi.org/10.15414/2021.9788055224015

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NATURAL LANDS OF HONEY PLANTS IN UKRAINIAN POLISSYA
Olha Lisohurska, Dina Lisohurska, Svitlana Furman, Mykhailo Kryvyi

Polissіa National University, Zhytomyr, Ukraine; E-mail.: lisogurskaya2016@gmail.com
Polissya is a zone of mixed forests, located in the North of Ukraine. It stretches from North
to South to 150–200 km and occupies about 20 % of the territory. It includes 9 regions. The
melliferous flora of Polissya is characterized by great biological diversity (there are 759 species,
300 of which are the most valuable). But over the past decades, it has undergone significant
anthropogenic changes and needs research, which became the goal of our research.
The object of the research was the area of honey plants of Zhytomyr Polissya. Statistical
data on the number of bee families and the availability of land plots (2012–2017), which were
grouped into natural and cultural melliferous lands, were used for the research. Natural ones
included forests, parks, and protective plantings, swamps, pylons, hayfields, pastures, and
disturbed soils. Forest, swamp, field, and meadow forbs are widespread on these lands.
Cultivated ones are gardens and berrying grounds and the main agricultural entomophilous
plants are common sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.), winter and spring rape (Brassica napus
L.), and common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench). Land that is not practical for
beekeeping (land without plant cover and open water reservoirs) is defined separately. For the
calculation of the honey stock, literature data of the honey production was used: forest forbs –
25, marsh forbs – 12, field and meadow forbs – 15, gardens and berrying grounds – 25 kg/ha,
sunflower – 40, buckwheat – 90, winter rape – 80, spring rape – 100. It was planned 130 kg of
honey per year for one bee family.
Zhytomyr Polissya is an area of intensive agricultural production. Over the past thirty
years, the structure of crops, of the main entomophilous crops, in particular, has changed
significantly. The area under Helianthus annuus grew 900 times, under Brassica napus – 6 times,
under Fagopyrum esculentum – 2 times. The total area of these crops increased 10 times. But
despite this, the natural habitats of honey plants now cover the vast majority of the total area –
91.2 %.
It was determined that the honey stock in the Polissya Zhytomyr region, which bees use,
is 15807.8 thousand tons. Of these, 94 % belong to natural honey plants.
This honey stock can provide a full honey flow for 121.6 thousand bee families. At present,
there are 80.3 thousand bee colonies in this region with a honey production of 41.7 kg. The
obtained results prove that natural honey plants play a key role in the beekeeping of the
Polissya Zhytomyr region. With the rational use of them, you can increase the number of bee
families and increase their productivity. Due to the high proportion of nectar of natural honey
plants in this region, one of the factors (cultivating single crops) is leveled out, which leads to
the death of bees.

Keywords: honey plants, melliferous lands.

5 International Scientific Conference Agrobiodiversity for Improving the Nutrition, Health, Quality of Life and |95
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Spiritual Human Development
November 3 2021
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